Think Globally
Biological Benefits of Compost
Provides Soil Biota
Plant activity is largely based on the presence of organic matter. Soil microorganisms include bacteria, protozoa, actinomycetes, and fungi. They are not only found within compost, but proliferate within soil media.
Microorganisms play an important role in organic matter decomposition which, in turn, leads to humus formation and nutrient availability. Microorganisms can also promote root activity as specific fungi work symbiotically with plant roots, assisting them in the extraction of nutrients from soils.
Sufficient levels of organic matter also encourage the growth of earthworms, which through tunneling, increase water infiltration and aeration.
Suppresses Plant Diseases
Disease incidence on many plants may be influenced by the level and type of organic matter and microorganisms present in soils. Research has shown that increased population of certain microorganisms may suppress specific plant diseases such as pythium and fusarium as well as nematodes.
Efforts are being made to optimize the composting process in order to increase the population of these beneficial microbes.
© 2000, Jim McNelly